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19-3511; Rev 1; 12/04
32-Tap, Nonvolatile, I2C, Linear, Digital Potentiometers
General Description
The MAX5432-MAX5435 nonvolatile, linear-taper, digital potentiometers perform the function of a mechanical potentiometer, but replace the mechanics with a simple 2-wire serial interface. Each device performs the same function as a discrete potentiometer or a variable resistor and has 32 tap points. The MAX5432-MAX5435 feature an internal, nonvolatile, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) that returns the wiper to its previously stored position at power-up. The fast-mode I2C-compatible serial interface allows communication at data rates up to 400kbps, minimizing board space and reducing interconnection complexity. Each device is available with one of four factory-preset I 2 C addresses (see the Selector Guide). Use the MAX5432-MAX5435 in applications requiring digitally controlled resistors. Two resistance values are available (50k and 100k) in a voltage-divider or variable resistor configuration. The nominal resistor temperature coefficient is 35ppm/C end-to-end, and only 5ppm/C ratiometric, making the devices ideal for applications requiring a low-temperature-coefficient variable resistor such as low-drift, programmable-gain amplifier circuit configurations. The MAX5432/MAX5433 are available in a 3mm x 3mm 8pin TDFN package and the MAX5434/MAX5435 are available in a 6-pin thin SOT23 package. The MAX5432- MAX5435 are specified over the extended (-40C to +85C) temperature range.
Features
Tiny 3mm x 3mm 8-Pin TDFN and 6-Pin Thin SOT23 Packages Power-On Recall of Wiper Position from Nonvolatile Memory 35ppm/C End-to-End Resistance Temperature Coefficient 5ppm/C Ratiometric Temperature Coefficient 50k/100k Resistor Values Fast 400kbps I2C-Compatible Serial Interface 500nA (typ) Static Supply Current +2.7V to +5.25V Single-Supply Operation 32 Tap Positions 0.15 LSB INL (typ), 0.15 LSB DNL (typ)
MAX5432-MAX5435
Ordering Information
PART MAX5432LETA MAX5432META* MAX5433LETA MAX5433META* MAX5434LEZT-T MAX5434MEZT-T* MAX5434NEZT-T* MAX5434PEZT-T* MAX5435LEZT-T MAX5435MEZT-T* MAX5435NEZT-T* MAX5435PEZT-T* TEMP RANGE -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C PIN-PACKAGE 8 TDFN-EP** 8 TDFN-EP** 8 TDFN-EP** 8 TDFN-EP** 6 Thin SOT23-6 6 Thin SOT23-6 6 Thin SOT23-6 6 Thin SOT23-6 6 Thin SOT23-6 6 Thin SOT23-6 6 Thin SOT23-6 6 Thin SOT23-6
Applications
Mechanical Potentiometer Replacement Low-Drift Programmable-Gain Amplifiers Volume Control Liquid-Crystal Display (LCD) Screen Adjustment
*Future product--contact factory for availability. **EP = Exposed pad.
Pin Configurations
Selector Guide appears at end of data sheet.
TOP VIEW
H1 SDA 2
8W 7L 6 A0 MAX5432 MAX5433 5 VDD
VDD 1 GND 2 SCL 3 MAX5434 MAX5435
6 5 4
L W SDA
of I2C components from Maxim Integrated Products, Inc., or one of its sublicensed Associated Companies, conveys a license under the Philips I2C Patent Rights to use these components in an I2C system, provided that the system conforms to the I2C Standard Specification as defined by Philips.
Purchase
GND 3 SCL 4
SOT23 TDFN
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com.
32-Tap, Nonvolatile, I2C, Linear, Digital Potentiometers MAX5432-MAX5435
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
VDD to GND ...........................................................-0.3V to +6.0V SDA, SCL to GND..................................................-0.3V to +6.0V A0, H, L, and W to GND .............................-0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) Maximum Continuous Current into H, L, and W MAX5432/MAX5434.....................................................1.3mA MAX5433/MAX5435.....................................................0.6mA Input/Output Latchup Immunity........................................50mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 6-Pin Thin SOT23 (derate 9.1mW/C above +70C) ....727mW 8-Pin TDFN (derate 18.2mW/C above +70C) ......1454.5mW Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40C to +85C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150C Storage Temperature Range .............................-60C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300C
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VDD = +2.7V to +5.25V, VH = VDD, VL = GND, TA = -40C to +85C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VDD = +5V, TA = +25C.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER DC PERFORMANCE Resolution End-to-End Resistance End-to-End Resistance Temperature Coefficient Ratiometric Resistance Temperature Coefficient Variable resistor (Note 2) Integral Nonlinearity INL Voltage-divider, MAX5432/MAX5433 (Note 3) Variable resistor (Note 2) Differential Nonlinearity DNL Voltage-divider, MAX5432/MAX5433 (Note 3) Full-Scale Error (Note 4) Zero-Scale Error (Note 5) Wiper Resistance DIGITAL INPUTS Input High Voltage Input Low Voltage Input Leakage Current Input Capacitance VIH VIL ILEAK 5 (Note 7) (Note 7) 0.7 x VDD 0.3 x VDD 1 V V A pF RW MAX5432, 50k MAX5433, 100k MAX5432, 50k MAX5433, 100k MAX5432/MAX5433 (Note 6) 610 VDD = 5V VDD = 3V VDD = 5V VDD = 3V VDD = 5V VDD = 3V VDD = 5V VDD = 3V RH-L TCR MAX5432/MAX5434 MAX5433/MAX5435 32 37.5 75 50 100 35 5 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 -0.5 -0.5 +0.5 +0.5 1200 LSB LSB LSB LSB 62.5 125 Taps k ppm/C ppm/C SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
2
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32-Tap, Nonvolatile, I2C, Linear, Digital Potentiometers
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VDD = +2.7V to +5.25V, VH = VDD, VL = GND, TA = -40C to +85C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VDD = +5V, TA = +25C.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS -3dB Bandwidth (Note 8) Wiper Settling Time (Note 9) NONVOLATILE MEMORY RELIABILITY Data Retention Endurance POWER SUPPLY Power-Supply Voltage Standby Current Programming Current VDD IDD Digital inputs = VDD or GND, TA = +25C During nonvolatile write; digital inputs = VDD or GND (Note 10) 2.70 0.5 200 5.25 2 900 V A A TA = +85C TA = +25C TA = +85C 50 200,000 50,000 Years Stores MAX5432/MAX5434 MAX5433/MAX5435 MAX5432/MAX5434 MAX5433/MAX5435 500 250 0.5 1.0 kHz s SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
MAX5432-MAX5435
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
(VDD = +2.7V to +5.25V, VH = VDD, VL = GND, TA = -40C to +85C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VDD = +5V, TA = +25C.) (Figures 1 and 2) (Note 11)
PARAMETER SCL Clock Frequency Setup Time for START Condition Hold Time for START Condition CLK High Time CLK Low Time Data Setup Time Data Hold Time SDA, SCL Rise Time SDA, SCL Fall Time Setup Time for STOP Condition Bus Free Time Between STOP and START Condition Pulse Width of Spike Suppressed Capacitive Load for Each Bus Line Nonvolatile Store Time SYMBOL fSCL tSU-STA tHD-STA tHIGH tLOW tSU-DAT tHD-DAT tR tF tSU-STO tBUF tSP CB (Note 12) Idle time required after a nonvolatile memory write (Note 13) 0.6 1.3 50 400 12 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.3 100 0 0.9 300 300 CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX 400 UNITS kHz s s s s ns s ns ns s s ns pF ms
Note 1: All devices are production tested at TA = +25C and are guaranteed by design and characterization for -40C < TA < +85C.
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32-Tap, Nonvolatile, I2C, Linear, Digital Potentiometers MAX5432-MAX5435
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VDD = +2.7V to +5.25V, VH = VDD, VL = GND, TA = -40C to +85C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VDD = +5V, TA = +25C.) (Figures 1 and 2) (Note 1) Note 2: The DNL and INL are measured with the potentiometer configured as a variable resistor. For the 3-terminal potentiometers (MAX5432/MAX5433), H is unconnected and L = GND. At VDD = 5V, W is driven with a source current of 80A for the 50k configuration, and 40A for the 100k configuration. At VDD = 3V, W is driven with a source current of 40A for the 50k configuration, and 20A for the 100k configuration. Note 3: The DNL and INL are measured with the potentiometer configured as a voltage-divider with H = VDD and L = GND (MAX5432/MAX5433 only). The wiper terminal is unloaded and measured with an ideal voltmeter.
Note 4: Full-scale error is defined as
VW - VH . VH 31 VW - VL . VH 31
Note 5: Zero-scale error is defined as
Note 6: The wiper resistance is the worst value measured by injecting the currents given in Note 2 into W with L = GND. RW = (VW - VH) / IW. Note 7: The device draws current in excess of the specified supply current when the digital inputs are driven with voltages between (VDD - 0.5V) and (GND + 0.5V). See the Supply Current vs. Digital Input Voltage graph in the Typical Operating Characteristics. Note 8: Wiper is at midscale with a 10pF capacitive load. Potentiometer set to midscale, L = GND, an AC source is applied to H, and the output is measured as 3dB lower than the DC W/H value in dB. Note 9: This is measured from the STOP pulse to the time it takes the output to reach 50% of the output step size (divider mode). It is measured with a maximum external capacitive load of 10pF. Note 10: The programming current exists only during NV writes (12ms typ). Note 11: Digital timing is guaranteed by design and characterization, and is not production tested. Note 12: An appropriate bus pullup resistance must be selected depending on board capacitance. Refer to the I2C-bus specification document linked to this web address: www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat/literature/9398/39340011.pdf Note 13: The idle time begins from the initiation of the stop pulse.
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VDD = +5V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
STANDBY SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX5432-35 toc01
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
DIGITAL INPUTS = GND OR VDD 0.8 SUPPLY CURRENT (A)
MAX5432-35 toc02
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. DIGITAL INPUT VOLTAGE
VDD = 5V SUPPLY CURRENT (A) 100
MAX5432-35 toc03
1.5 DIGITAL INPUTS = GND OR VDD 1.2 SUPPLY CURRENT (A)
1.0
1000
0.9
VDD = 5V VDD = 3V
0.6
10 VDD = 3V 1 0.1
0.6
0.4
0.3
0.2
0 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 TEMPERATURE (C)
0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
0
1
2
3
4
5
DIGITAL INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
4
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32-Tap, Nonvolatile, I2C, Linear, Digital Potentiometers
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = +5V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
END-TO-END RESISTANCE % CHANGE vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX5432-35 toc04
MAX5432-MAX5435
END-TO-END RESISTANCE % CHANGE vs. TEMPERATURE
100k END-TO-END RESISTANCE % CHANGE
MAX5432-35 toc05
TAP-TO-TAP SWITCHING TRANSIENT (0 TO MIDSCALE, CL = 10pF)
1.0 END-TO-END RESISTANCE CHANGE ( %) 50k
MAX5432-35 toc06
1.0
0.5
0.5
SDA 2V/div
0
0 VW 1V/div -0.5 50k
-0.5
-1.0 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 TEMPERATURE (C)
-1.0 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 1s/div TEMPERATURE (C)
TAP-TO-TAP SWITCHING TRANSIENT (0 TO MIDSCALE, CL = 10pF)
MAX5432-35 toc07
WIPER TRANSIENT AT POWER-ON
MAX5432-35 toc08
MIDSCALE WIPER TRANSIENT AT POWER-ON
MAX5432-35 toc09
SDA 2V/div
VDD 2V/div VDD 2V/div
VW 1V/div
VW 1V/div
VW 1V/div
100k 1s/div 10s/div
50k 10s/div
100k
MIDSCALE WIPER RESPONSE vs. FREQUENCY (MAX5432)
MAX5432 toc10
MIDSCALE WIPER RESPONSE vs. FREQUENCY (MAX5433)
MAX5432-35 toc11
WIPER RESISTANCE vs. TAP POSITION (MAX5432)
VDD = 3V 600 RESISTANCE () 500 400 300 200
MAX5432-35 toc12
0 -3 -6 GAIN (dB)
0 -3 -6 GAIN (dB) -9 CW = 33pF -12 -15 -18 CW = 10pF
700
CW = 10pF
-9 -12 -15 -18 0.1 1
CW = 33pF
100 0 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (kHz) 100 1000 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 31 TAP POSITION
10 FREQUENCY (kHz)
100
1000
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32-Tap, Nonvolatile, I2C, Linear, Digital Potentiometers MAX5432-MAX5435
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = +5V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
WIPER RESISTANCE vs. TAP POSITION (MAX5433)
MAX5432-35 toc13
WIPER RESISTANCE vs. TAP POSITION (MAX5432)
MAX5432-35 toc14
WIPER RESISTANCE vs. TAP POSITION (MAX5433)
VDD = 5V 600 RESISTANCE () 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 31 TAP POSITION
MAX5432-35 toc15
700 VDD = 3V 600 RESISTANCE () 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 4 8 12 16 20 24
700 VDD = 5V 600 RESISTANCE () 500 400 300 200 100 0
700
28 31
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
31
TAP POSITION
TAP POSITION
W-TO-L RESISTANCE vs. TAP POSITION
MAX5432-35 toc16
RESISTANCE DNL vs. TAP POSITION
MAX5432-35 toc17
RESISTANCE INL vs. TAP POSITION
0.4 0.3 RESISTANCE INL (LSB) 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 VARIABLE-RESISTOR MODE MAX5432/MAX5434
MAX5432-35 toc18
120 110 100 W-TO-L RESISTANCE (k) 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 50k
0.5 0.4 0.3 RESISTANCE DNL (LSB) 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 VARIABLE-RESISTOR MODE MAX5432/MAX5434
0.5
100k
28 31
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28 31
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28 31
TAP POSITION
TAP POSITION
TAP POSITION
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32-Tap, Nonvolatile, I2C, Linear, Digital Potentiometers
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = +5V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
RESISTANCE DNL vs. TAP POSITION
MAX5432-35 toc19
MAX5432-MAX5435
RESISTANCE INL vs. TAP POSITION
MAX5432-35 toc20
RESISTANCE DNL vs. TAP POSITION
0.4 0.3 RESISTANCE DNL (LSB) 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 VARIABLE-RESISTOR MODE MAX5433/MAX5435
MAX5432-35 toc21
0.5 0.4 0.3 RESISTANCE DNL (LSB) 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 VOLTAGE-DIVIDER MODE MAX5432
0.5 0.4 0.3 RESISTANCE INL (LSB) 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 VOLTAGE-DIVIDER MODE MAX5432
0.5
28 31
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28 31
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28 31
TAP POSITION
TAP POSITION
TAP POSITION
RESISTANCE INL vs. TAP POSITION
MAX5432-35 toc22
RESISTANCE DNL vs. TAP POSITION
MAX5432-35 toc23
RESISTANCE INL vs. TAP POSITION
0.4 0.3 RESISTANCE INL (LSB) 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 VOLTAGE-DIVIDER MODE MAX5433
MAX5432-35 toc24
0.5 0.4 0.3 RESISTANCE INL (LSB) 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 VARIABLE-RESISTOR MODE MAX5433/MAX5435
0.5 0.4 0.3 RESISTANCE DNL (LSB) 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 VOLTAGE-DIVIDER MODE MAX5433
0.5
28 31
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28 31
0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28 31
TAP POSITION
TAP POSITION
TAP POSITION
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32-Tap, Nonvolatile, I2C, Linear, Digital Potentiometers MAX5432-MAX5435
Pin Description
PIN TDFN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 EP THIN SOT23 -- 4 2 3 1 -- 6 5 -- NAME H SDA GND SCL VDD A0 L W EP High Terminal I2C-Compatible Interface Data Input Ground I2C-Compatible Interface Clock Input Power-Supply Input. Bypass with a 0.1F capacitor from VDD to GND. Address Input. Sets the I2C address. Connect to VDD or GND. Do not leave A0 floating. Low Terminal Wiper Terminal Exposed Pad. Internally connected to GND. FUNCTION
MAX5432-MAX5435 MAX5432-MAX5435
Detailed Description
The MAX5432-MAX5435 contain a resistor array with 31 resistive elements. The MAX5432/MAX5434 provide a total end-to-end resistance of 50k, and the MAX5433/MAX5435 provide an end-to-end resistance of 100k. The MAX5432/MAX5433 allow access to the high, low, and wiper terminals for a standard voltage-divider configuration. Connect H, L, and W in any desired configuration as long as their voltages fall between GND and V DD. The MAX5434/MAX5435 are variable resistors with H internally connected to the wiper. A simple 2-wire I2C-compatible serial interface moves the wiper among the 32 tap points. Eight data bits, an address byte, and a control byte program the wiper position. A nonvolatile memory stores and recalls the wiper position in the nonvolatile memory upon power-up. The nonvolatile memory is guaranteed for 200,000 wiper store cycles and 50 years for wiper data retention.
power-on reset circuitry and internal oscillator control the transfer of data from the nonvolatile register to the volatile register. Serial Addressing The MAX5432-MAX5435 operate as a slave that sends and receives data through an I2C- and SMBusTM-compatible 2-wire interface. The interface uses a serial data access (SDA) line and a serial clock line (SCL) to achieve bidirectional communication between master(s) and slave(s). A master, typically a microcontroller, initiates all data transfers to and from the MAX5432-MAX5435, and generates the SCL clock that synchronizes the data transfer (Figure 1). SDA operates as both an input and an open-drain output. SDA requires a pullup resistor, typically 4.7k. SCL only operates as an input. SCL requires a pullup resistor (4.7k typ) if there are multiple masters on the 2-wire interface, or if the master in a single-master system has an open-drain SCL output. Each transmission consists of a START (S) condition (Figure 3) sent by a master, followed by the MAX5432-MAX5435 7-bit slave address plus the 8th bit (Figure 4), 1 command byte (Figure 7) and 1 data byte, and finally a STOP (P) condition (Figure 3). Start and Stop Conditions Both SCL and SDA remain high when the interface is not busy. A master signals the beginning of a transmission with a START (S) condition by transitioning SDA from high to low while SCL is high. When the master has finished communicating with the slave, it issues a STOP (P) condition by transitioning the SDA from low to
SMBus is a trademark of Intel Corporation.
Digital Interface
The MAX5432-MAX5435 feature an internal, nonvolatile EEPROM that returns the wiper to its previously stored position at power-up. The shift register decodes the control and address bits, routing the data to the proper memory registers. Write data to the volatile memory register to immediately update the wiper position, or write data to the nonvolatile register for storage. Writing to the nonvolatile register takes a minimum of 12ms. The volatile register retains data as long as the device is enabled and powered. Removing power clears the volatile register. The nonvolatile register retains data even after power is removed. Upon power-up, the
8
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32-Tap, Nonvolatile, I2C, Linear, Digital Potentiometers MAX5432-MAX5435
tR SDA tSU-DAT tLOW SCL tHD-STA tR S PARAMETERS ARE MEASURED FROM 30% TO 70%. tHIGH tF Sr A P S tHD-DAT tHD-STA tBUF tSU-STO tF
tSU-STA
Figure 1. I2C Serial-Interface Timing Diagram
high while SCL is high. The bus is then free for another transmission (Figure 3). Bit Transfer One data bit is transferred during each clock pulse. The data on the SDA line must remain stable while SCL is high (Figure 5). Acknowledge The acknowledge bit is a clocked 9th bit that the recipient uses to handshake receipt of each byte of data (Figure 6). Each byte transferred effectively requires 9 bits. The master generates the 9th clock pulse, and the recipient pulls down SDA during the acknowledge clock pulse, so the SDA line is stable low during the high period of the clock pulse. When the master transmits to the MAX5432-MAX5435, the devices generate the acknowledge bit because the MAX5432-MAX5435 are the recipients. Slave Address The MAX5432-MAX5435 have a 7-bit-long slave address (Figure 4). The 8th bit following the 7-bit slave address is the NOP/W bit. Set the NOP/W bit low for a write command and high for a no-operation command. Table 1a shows four possible slave addresses for the MAX5432/MAX5433 and Table 1b shows four possible slave addresses for the MAX5434/MAX5435. The first 4 bits (MSBs) of the slave addresses are always 0101. Bits A2 and A1 are factory programmed for the MAX5432/MAX5433 (Table 1a). Connect the A0 input (MAX5432/MAX5433 only) to either GND or V DD to select one of two I2C device addresses. Each device must have a unique address to share the bus. A maximum of four MAX5432/MAX5433 devices can share the same bus. Bits A2, A1, and A0 are factory programmed for the MAX5434/MAX5435 (Table 1b).
Table 1a. Address Codes (MAX5432/MAX5433 Only)
ADDRESS BYTE PART SUFFIX L L M M A6 0 0 0 0 A5 1 1 1 1 A4 0 0 0 0 A3 1 1 1 1 A2 0 0 1 1 A1 0 0 0 0 A0 0 1 0 1 NOP/W NOP/W NOP/W NOP/W NOP/W
Table 1b. Address Codes (MAX5434/MAX5435 Only)
ADDRESS BYTE PART SUFFIX L M N P A6 0 0 0 0 A5 1 1 1 1 A4 0 0 0 0 A3 1 1 1 1 A2 0 1 0 1 A1 0 0 1 1 A0 0 0 0 0 NOP/W NOP/W NOP/W NOP/W NOP/W
Message Format for Writing
A write to the MAX5432-MAX5435 consists of the transmission of the device's slave address with the 8th bit set to zero, followed by at least 1 byte of information. The 1st byte of information is the command byte. The bytes received after the command byte are the data bytes. The 1st data byte goes into the internal register of the MAX5432-MAX5435 as selected by the command byte (Figure 8).
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32-Tap, Nonvolatile, I2C, Linear, Digital Potentiometers MAX5432-MAX5435 MAX5432-MAX5435
VDD IOL = 3mA
SDA
SDA
VOUT 400pF
SCL S START CONDITION P STOP CONDITION
IOH = 0mA
Figure 2. Load Circuit
Figure 3. Start and Stop Conditions
SDA
0 MSB
1
0
1
0*
0*
A0 LSB
NOP/W
ACK
SCL *SEE THE Selector Guide FOR OTHER ADDRESS OPTIONS.
Figure 4. Slave Address
Command Byte Use the command byte to select the destination of the wiper data (nonvolatile or volatile memory registers) and swap data between nonvolatile and volatile memory registers (see Table 2). Data Byte The MAX5432-MAX5435 use the first 5 bits (MSBs, D7-D3) of the data byte to set the position of the wiper. The last 3 bits (D2, D1, and D0) are don't care bits (see Table 2).
Command Descriptions VREG: The data byte writes to the volatile memory register and the wiper position updates with the data in the volatile memory register. NVREG: The data byte writes to the nonvolatile memory register. The wiper position is unchanged. NVREGxVREG: Data transfers from the nonvolatile memory register to the volatile memory register (wiper position updates). VREGxNVREG: Data transfers from the volatile memory register into the nonvolatile memory register.
Table 2. Command Byte Summary
REGISTER 1 START SCL CYCLE NUMBER 2 ADDRESS BYTE 3 4 5 6 7 8 N O P/ W 0 0 0 0 9 A C K COMMAND BTYE DATA BYTE STOP 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 A C7 C6 C5 C4 C3 C2 C1 C0 C K 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 A C K
A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 A2 A1 A0 A2 A1 A0 A2 A1 A0 A2 A1 A0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 X X X X X X X X X X X X
VREG NVREG NVREGxVREG VREGxNVREG
X = Don't care. 10 ______________________________________________________________________
32-Tap, Nonvolatile, I2C, Linear, Digital Potentiometers MAX5432-MAX5435
CLOCK PULSE FOR ACKNOWLEDGMENT
SDA
START CONDITION SCL 1 2
8 NOT ACKNOWLEDGE
9
SCL DATA STABLE, DATA VALID CHANGE OF DATA ALLOWED SDA
ACKNOWLEDGE
Figure 5. Bit Transfer
Figure 6. Acknowledge
COMMAND BYTE IS STORED ON RECEIPT OF STOP CONDITION
ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX5432-MAX5435 0 NOP/W A
D15
D14
D13
D12
D11
D10
D9
D8
S
SLAVE ADDRESS
COMMAND BYTE ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX5432-MAX5435
A
P
Figure 7. Command Byte Received
ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX5432-MAX5435 HOW COMMAND BYTE AND DATA BYTE MAP INTO MAX5432-MAX5435's REGISTERS ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX5432-MAX5435 S SLAVE ADDRESS NOP/W 0 A D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6
ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX5432-MAX5435 D5 D4 D3 X X X
COMMAND BYTE
A
DATA BYTE 1 BYTE
A
P
Figure 8. Command and Single Data Byte Received
Nonvolatile Memory
The internal EEPROM consists of a 5-bit nonvolatile register that retains the value written to it before the device is powered down. The nonvolatile register is programmed with the zeros at the factory. Wait a minimum of 12ms after writing to NVREG before sending another command.
with the data stored in the nonvolatile memory register. This initialization period takes 20s.
Standby
The MAX5432-MAX5435 feature a low-power standby mode. When the device is not being programmed, it goes into standby mode and current consumption is typically 0.5A.
Power-Up
Upon power-up, the MAX5432-MAX5435 load the data stored in the nonvolatile memory register into the volatile memory register, updating the wiper position
______________________________________________________________________________________
11
32-Tap, Nonvolatile, I2C, Linear, Digital Potentiometers MAX5432-MAX5435 MAX5432-MAX5435
5V H 30V MAX5432 MAX5433 L MAX5432- MAX5435 L W W VOUT H VOUT 30V 5V
Figure 9. Positive LCD Bias Control Using a Voltage-Divider
W VIN L H R3 C
Figure 10. Positive LCD Bias Control Using a Variable Resistor
+5V VIN
VOUT
OUT H MAX6160 ADJ GND W R2 L R1
V0 REF
R1
MAX5432 MAX5433
H MAX5432- MAX5435 R2
W
L
V0 = 1.23V 50k FOR THE MAX5432 R2(k) V0 = 1.23V 100k FOR THE MAX5433 R2(k)
Figure 11. Programmable Filter
Figure 12. Adjustable Voltage Reference
Applications Information
Use the MAX5432-MAX5435 in applications requiring digitally controlled adjustable resistance, such as LCD contrast control (where voltage biasing adjusts the display contrast), or for programmable filters with adjustable gain and/or cutoff frequency.
R2, and the cutoff frequency is adjusted by R3. Use the following equations to calculate the gain (G) and the 3dB cutoff frequency (fC). R1 R2 1 fC = 2 x R 3 x C G = 1+
Positive LCD Bias Control
Figures 9 and 10 show an application where the voltage-divider or variable resistor is used to make an adjustable, positive LCD bias voltage. The op-amp provides buffering and gain to the resistor-divider network made by the potentiometer (Figure 9) or to a fixed resistor and a variable resistor (Figure 10).
Adjustable Voltage Reference
Figure 12 shows the MAX5432/MAX5433 used as the feedback resistors in an adjustable voltage reference application. Independently adjust the output voltages of the MAX6160 from 1.23V to (VIN - 0.2V) by changing the wiper position of the MAX5432/MAX5433.
Programmable Filter
Figure 11 shows the configuration for a 1st-order programmable filter. The gain of the filter is adjusted by
12
______________________________________________________________________________________
32-Tap, Nonvolatile, I2C, Linear, Digital Potentiometers
MAX5432/MAX5433 Functional Diagram
MAX5432-MAX5435
H
VDD GND
5-BIT SHIFT REGISTER
5
5-BIT LATCH
5
32POSITION DECODER
32
W
SDA SCL
I2C INTERFACE
POR 5-BIT NV MEMORY
L
A0
MAX5432 MAX5433
MAX5434/MAX5435 Functional Diagram
VDD GND
5-BIT SHIFT REGISTER
5
5-BIT LATCH
5
32POSITION DECODER
32
W
SDA SCL
I2C INTERFACE
POR 5-BIT NV MEMORY
L
MAX5434 MAX5435
______________________________________________________________________________________
13
32-Tap, Nonvolatile, I2C, Linear, Digital Potentiometers MAX5432-MAX5435
Selector Guide
PART MAX5432LETA MAX5432META MAX5433LETA MAX5433META MAX5434LEZT MAX5434MEZT MAX5434NEZT MAX5434PEZT MAX5435LEZT MAX5435MEZT MAX5435NEZT MAX5435PEZT TOP MARK ANG ANI ANF ANH AABX AABY AABS AABU AABW AABV AABZ AABT I2C ADDRESS 010100A0 010110A0 010100A0 010110A0 0101000 0101100 0101010 0101110 0101000 0101100 0101010 0101110 R (k) 50 50 100 100 50 50 50 50 100 100 100 100
Chip Information
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 7817 PROCESS: BiCMOS
MAX5432-MAX5435
14
______________________________________________________________________________________
32-Tap, Nonvolatile, I2C, Linear, Digital Potentiometers
Package Information
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
6, 8, &10L, DFN THIN.EPS
MAX5432-MAX5435
D N
PIN 1 INDEX AREA
E DETAIL A
E2
C L
C L
A
L e e
L
PACKAGE OUTLINE, 6,8,10 & 14L, TDFN, EXPOSED PAD, 3x3x0.80 mm
-DRAWING NOT TO SCALE-
21-0137
G
1
2
COMMON DIMENSIONS SYMBOL A D E A1 L k A2 MIN. 0.70 2.90 2.90 0.00 0.20 MAX. 0.80 3.10 3.10 0.05 0.40
0.25 MIN. 0.20 REF.
PACKAGE VARIATIONS PKG. CODE T633-1 T633-2 T833-1 T833-2 T833-3 T1033-1 T1433-1 T1433-2 N 6 6 8 8 8 10 14 14 D2 1.500.10 1.500.10 1.500.10 1.500.10 1.500.10 1.500.10 1.700.10 1.700.10 E2 2.300.10 2.300.10 2.300.10 2.300.10 2.300.10 2.300.10 2.300.10 2.300.10 e 0.95 BSC 0.95 BSC 0.65 BSC 0.65 BSC 0.65 BSC 0.50 BSC 0.40 BSC 0.40 BSC JEDEC SPEC MO229 / WEEA MO229 / WEEA MO229 / WEEC MO229 / WEEC MO229 / WEEC MO229 / WEED-3 ------b 0.400.05 0.400.05 0.300.05 0.300.05 0.300.05 0.250.05 0.200.05 0.200.05 [(N/2)-1] x e 1.90 REF 1.90 REF 1.95 REF 1.95 REF 1.95 REF 2.00 REF 2.40 REF 2.40 REF
DOWNBONDS ALLOWED
NO NO NO NO YES NO YES NO
PACKAGE OUTLINE, 6,8,10 & 14L, TDFN, EXPOSED PAD, 3x3x0.80 mm
-DRAWING NOT TO SCALE-
21-0137
G
2
2
______________________________________________________________________________________
15
32-Tap, Nonvolatile, I2C, Linear, Digital Potentiometers MAX5432-MAX5435
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
MAX5432-MAX5435
16
______________________________________________________________________________________
32-Tap, Nonvolatile, I2C, Linear, Digital Potentiometers
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
MAX5432-MAX5435
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 17 (c) 2004 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.

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